General Information

• HIV and Pregnancy (AIDSInfo)
• Pregnancy and HIV (AIDS InfoNet) and Spanish version
• HIV and Family Planning (Poz)
• Having a Baby (AIDSmap)
• Pregnancy & HIV/AIDS (TheBody) – web page with links to many fact sheets and articles
• Mother-to-Baby Transmission. (AIDSmap)
• Reducing HIV Transmission from Mother-to-Child: An Opt-Out Approach to HIV Screening (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

Guidelines

• Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents (CDC, National Institutes of Health, and HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America)
• Recommendations for Use of Antiretroviral Drugs in Pregnant HIV-1-Infected Women for Maternal Health and Interventions to Reduce Perinatal HIV Transmission in the United States (AIDSInfo)

Selected Recent Articles on Family Planning

• HIV and Infertility: An Assessment Tool for Use in Low-Resource Clinics.  (September 2016, TheBodyPro)
• Using both condoms, contraception recommended for HIV-infected youth.  (September 2016, Healio)
• Oh, that touch of gray: Not black and white—new review of data on DMPA and HIV risk raise “increased concerns.”   (August 2016, AVAC)
• Most contraceptives not linked to HIV infection, but Depo-Provera may raise risk.  (August 2016, AIDSmap)
• Hormonal birth control can intensify genital injury during sex, increasing HIV risk.  (March 2016, Beta Blog)
• Possible mechanism explains increased HIV risk caused by progestin-only contraceptives.  (January 2016, Healio)
• Hormonal contraception safe for women with HIV and may have important health benefits.  (November 2015, AIDSmap)
• Best Birth Control for Women With HIV: Implants, Injectables.  (August 2015, Poz)
• Implant and injectable hormonal contraception most effective methods for women living with HIV.  (July 2015, AIDSmap)
• Multiple strategies for safer conception need to incorporate couples’ preferences.  (July 2015, AIDSmap)
• HIV-1 acquisition risk lower among users of NET-EN vs. DMPA.  (June 2015, Healio)
• Safest Cheapest Way for Her to Get Pregnant? Control His HIV.  (June 2015, Poz)
• HIV-Positive Women Often Don’t Discuss Contraception With MDs.  (May 2015, Poz)
• Contraceptive implant levorongestrel may not be as effective when taking efavirenz (Sustiva)  (March 2015, Project Inform)
• Analysis Linking Depo-Provera to HIV Risk Deepens Debate on the Injectable Contraceptive.  (January 2015, TheBodyPro)
• Conceiving a Child on Truvada as PrEP Appears Safe.  (December 2014, Poz)
• Efavirenz decreases exposure to hormonal contraceptive implant.  (November-December 2014, HIV Treatment Bulletin)
• Vaginal Ring May Protect Against HIV, Herpes, HPV and Pregnancy.  (November 2014, Poz)
• Efavirenz compromises hormonal contraceptive implant.  (November 2014, AIDSmap)
• Some Oral Birth Control May Be Safe with HIV Meds.  (October 2014, Poz)
• Advocates Urge U.S. to Fund Study to Scrutinize Hormonal Birth Control in Women’s Risk of HIV Infection.  (October 2014, TheBody)
• Could an Integrase Inhibitor Have Prevented One More HIV Infection?  (September 2014, TheBodyPro)
• How Does PrEP Affect Fertility and Pregnancy Outcomes?  (August 2014, TheBodyPro)
• PrEP May Be Safe for Women Seeking to Get Pregnant.  (July 2014, Poz)
• High levels of adherence to study medication among women who conceived during HIV PrEP study.  (July 2014, AIDSmap)
• Young Adults Born With HIV Face Parenthood Challenges.  (December 2013, Poz)
• Vaginal Ring May Prevent HIV and Pregnancy for 90 Days.  (November 2013, Poz)
• Protein in Breast Milk May Protect Babies From HIV.  (October 2013, Poz)
• One in Five Pregnancies Among Women With HIV Are Planned.  (October 2013, Poz)
• Only a fifth of pregnancies among women living with HIV in the US are planned.  (October 2013, AIDSmap)
• South African couples living with HIV are missing out on safer conception advice.  (July 2013, AIDSmap)
• PrEP appears safe for use in conception, but may not be necessary if partner is taking treatment.  (July 2013, AIDSmap)
• Kaletra monotherapy achieves ‘satisfactory’ levels of HIV suppression during pregnancy.  (June 2013, AIDSmap)
• For African women in the UK, formula feeding has a high social and personal cost.  (April 2013, AIDSmap)
• South African clinics already achieving zero new HIV infections in children.  (April 2013, AIDSmap)
• One-in-four deaths in pregnancy due to HIV in worst-affected countries.  (April 2013, AIDSmap)
• Contraceptive injections and HIV infection risk – a public health conundrum.  (March 2013, AIDSmap)
• More data but no firm conclusion on hormonal contraceptives and HIV Infection.  (March 2013, Science Speaks Blog)
• Pregnancy rate among HIV-positive women in the UK has increased significantly. (July 2012, AIDSmap)

Recent Articles on Pregnancy and Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV

• 25 Years of Prenatal HIV Drug Exposure Monitoring: Changing Times, but No Increased Risk of Birth Defects.  (September 2016, TheBodyPro)
• Early infant HIV testing at birth and at 6 weeks of age will save lives, extend life expectancy and is cost-effective for South Africa, study finds.  (September 2016, AIDSmap)
• Women at Risk for HIV Are Often Willing to Take PrEP for Pregnancy.  (August 2016, Poz)
• Phone and home visit follow-up and appointment trackers improve retention in HIV care for pregnant women and new mothers.  (July 2016, AIDSmap)
• South Africa has driven mother-to-child HIV transmission down to 4%.  (July 2016, AIDSmap)
• Postpartum Treatment Reduces HIV Complications.  (July 2016, MedPage Today)
• FDA approves expanded Prezista label for pregnant women with HIV.  (July 2016, Healio)
• HIV Therapy for Breastfeeding Mothers Can Virtually Eliminate Transmission to Babies.  (July 2016, NIAID); related coverage from Poz
• Research identifies barriers, answers to reaching families with proven measures for preventing mother to child HIV transmission.  (July 2016, Science Speaks Blog)
• NIH-led effort uses implementation science approaches to reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission.  (June 2016, NIH)
• FDA updates Prezista recommendations for pregnant women with HIV.  (June 2016, Healio)
• HIV testing lacking in pregnant women.  (June 2016, Healio)
• Three More Countries Eliminate Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission.  (June 2016, Poz); related coverage from Healio
• In Option B+, side-effects and needing time to think are key reasons for not taking HIV medication.  (May 2016, AIDSmap)
• Perinatal HIV-exposure associated with language impairments in preschool children. (March 2016, Healio)
• During pregnancy, offering HIV testing at home doubles the proportion of male partners who test.  (February 2016, AIDSmap)
• Impact of Option B+ on ART uptake and retention in Swaziland: A stepped-wedge (February 2016, Retrovirus Conference); related coverage by Healio)
• Maternal use of Viread comparable to zidovudine regarding infant BMC.  (February 2016, Healio); related coverage from 2016 Retrovirus Conference
• Option B+ cuts mother-to-child HIV transmission dramatically in Malawi.  (February 2016, AIDSmap); related coverage from AIDSmap and Healio; abstract from 2016 Retrovirus Conference
• Studies probe retention in HIV care for women who start antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy. (February 2016, AIDSmap)
• Efavirenz-based treatment is safe and effective for young children with HIV exposed to nevirapine for PMTCT.  (January 2016, AIDSmap)
• Can I Breastfeed My Baby if I Have HIV?  (December 2015, Beta Blog)
• PrEP Protects Breastfeeding Infants from HIV for Up to a Year.  (December 2015, Poz)
• Smaller HIV Reservoir for Babies Treated Sooner After Birth.  (December 2015, TheBodyPro)
• HAART during pregnancy may cause adverse birth outcomes.  (August 2015, Healio)
• Higher inflammatory markers linked to preterm delivery in women with HIV.  (August 2015, Healio)
• Postpartum HIV care improves retention, outcomes.  (August 2015, Healio)
• New Antiretrovirals, New Formulations, and New Strategies for HIV Treatment.  (August 2015, Beta Blog)
• Peer or community interventions improve outcomes for mothers with HIV.  (August 2015, AIDSmap)
• Intensification of antiretroviral therapy reduces risk of late-term mother-to-child HIV transmission.  (July 2015, AIDSmap)
• Raltegravir appears to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission during late pregnancy.  (July 2015, AIDSmap)
• Cash compensation encourages uptake of circumcision, PMTCT services.  (July 2015, AIDSmap)
• Cuba Is First Nation to Stop Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission.  (July 2015, Poz)
• South Africa: Women of lower socio-economic status have greater needs for services to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission.  (July 2015, AIDSmap)
• South Africa: Lower coverage of maternal HIV testing among adolescents leading to higher mother-to-child transmission.  (July 2015, AIDSmap)
• Specific Antibody May Prevent Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission.  (June 2015, Poz)
• Many South African women become infected with HIV during pregnancy posing high risk of transmission to their infants.  (June 2015, AIDSmap)
• Isentress effectively prevents vertical transmission of HIV.  (May 2015, Healio)
• In utero exposure to Retrovir linked to congenital heart defects.  (April 2015, Healio)
• Young women and HIV: What makes this time different? Panel reflects on failures, “DREAMS.”  (April 2015, Science Speaks Blog)
• Many Expectant or New African Moms With HIV Risk Passing on Virus.  (March 2015, Poz)
• Repeat testing necessary to detect HIV among infants receiving ART via breast-feeding.  (February 2015, Healio)
• PROMISE: Triple antiretroviral regimens effectively prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission.  (February 2015, Healio)
• Combination Antiretrovirals Prevent HIV Transmission to Babies.  (February 2015, MedPage Today)
• Breastfeeding mothers often undiagnosed in sub-Saharan Africa.  (February 2015, AIDSmap)
• 7-country study shows triple-drug combination superior for preventing infant HIV infection.  (February 2015, AIDSmap)
• Breastfeeding women in Africa with HIV go undiagnosed.  (February 2015, Science Speaks Blog)
• Option B+ in Nigeria: New study supports lifelong antiretroviral treatment for pregnant women with HIV.  (February 2015, Science Speaks Blog)
• U.S. Analysis of the Safety of Antiretroviral Therapy During Pregnancy.  (January 2015, CATIE)
• Darunavir pharmacokinetics in pregnancy and postpartum.  (November-December 2014, HIV Treatment Bulletin)
• Good management of HIV positive pregnant women in UK – with some room for improvement.  (November-December 2014, HIV Treatment Bulletin)
• Increased risk of ART-related hepatotoxicity in HIV positive pregnant women.  (November-December 2014, HIV Treatment Bulletin)
• Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission Is Best Prevented With 3 Drugs.  (November 2014, Poz)
• Epivir and Tenofovir Appear Safe to Use During Breast-Feeding.  (October 2014, Poz)
• Raltegravir pharmacokinetics in pregnancy and neonates.  (September/October 2014, HIV Treatment Bulletin)
• Pregnant women need more support on looking after their own health after childbirth – could help retention in Option B+ programmes.  (September 2014, AIDSmap)
• Flu Shots Work for Pregnant Women Regardless of HIV Status.  (September 2014, Poz)
• Poor knowledge of partner HIV status among South African women with recent pregnancy.  (August 2014, AIDSmap)
• Addressing Breastfeeding for Mothers with HIV.  (August 2014, Kaiser Family Foundation)
• Protease inhibitor therapy doesn’t reduce the risk of malaria for HIV-positive pregnant women.  (July 2014, AIDSmap)
• High rates of drug resistance among HIV-positive infants in South Africa.  (July 2014, AIDSmap)
• Starting ARVs Soon After Birth Can Vastly Reduce HIV Reservoir.  (July 2014, Poz)
• ART soon after birth for HIV-infected babies can achieve sustained viral suppression and reduce pool of HIV-infected cells.  (June 2014, AIDSmap)
• Global HIV Incidence Is High in Both Pregnant and New Moms.  (April 2014, Poz)
• HIV incidence is high among pregnant and postpartum women and increases the risk of mother-to-child transmission.  (March 2014, AIDSmap)
• Viread During Pregnancy Lowers Babies Bone Density.  (March 2014, Poz)
• Efavirenz-Based ART Matches Lopinavir/Ritonavir for Perinatal HIV Treatment. (March 2014, AIDSmap)
• Sexually Transmitted Infections Greatly Increase the Risk of HIV Infection in Pregnancy. (March 2014, AIDSmap)
• Efavirenz Tops Lopinavir in Pregnancy. (March 2014, MedPage Today)
• Newborns Exposed to TDF in Utero Have Lower Bone Mineral Content in U.S.  (March 2014, NATAP)
• Maternal deaths due to HIV not declining despite PMTCT successes in South Africa.  (March 2014, AIDSmap)
• Ongoing challenges in providing PMTCT in Kenya and Malawi.  (January 2014, AIDSmap)
• Health systems, not family factors, most crucial in PMTCT outcomes, Kenyan study shows.  (December 2013, AIDSmap)
• Raltegravir appears safe for mothers and babies during pregnancy.  (September 2013, AIDSmap)
• Intravenous AZT does not provide extra protection against vertical transmission in mothers with undetectable viral load.  (September 2013, AIDSmap)
• Opportunities being missed for a vaginal delivery for HIV-positive pregnant women in Europe with viral suppression.  (August 2013, AIDSmap)
• Women with HIV feel ‘under surveillance’ during pregnancy and early motherhood.  (July 2013, AIDSmap)
• Text messages to mothers improve early infant HIV diagnosis rates in Kenya and Mozambique.  (July 2013, AIDSmap)
• ‘Option B+’ women are at increased risk of loss to follow-up after starting HIV treatment.  (July 2013, AIDSmap)
• Home visits during pregnancy increase number of male partners tested for HIV.  (July 2013, AIDSmap)
• Remarks at the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) 10th Anniversary Celebration [discusses the one-millionth case of mother-to-child HIV transmission prevented as a result of PEPFAR].  (June 2013, U.S. State Department)
• Campaign approach increases enrollment of pregnant women on ART in South Africa.  (June 2013, AIDSmap)
• Small risk of neurological birth defects due to efavirenz confirmed in French cohort.  (March 2013, AIDSmap)
• Prevention Remains Best Method To Stop Mother-To-Child HIV Transmission.  (March 2013, Kaiser Daily Global Health Policy Report)
• Pregnancy does not increase risk of nevirapine side-effects.  (February 2013, AIDSmap)
• Even With a Suppressed Viral Load, Mothers With HIV Should Not Breast-feed.  (February 2013, Poz)
• Protease Inhibitors During First Trimester Raise Risk of Premature Births.  (January 2013, Poz)